Como Tocar Violão: Primeira Música

Tempo de leitura: 7 min

Escrito por Paulo Fernandes
em Março 25, 2016

O violão é um dos instrumentos mais populares do mundo, veja como tocar violão aprendendo a sua primeira música.

Em primeiro lugar e antes de mais nada é imprescindível que você tenha três coisas:

1.  O violão 

2.  Tempo

3.  Força de vontade  

 

 CONHECENDO O INSTRUMENTO

 

VIOLÃO

 

1- Tampo

Corresponde ao corpo do violão. A sonoridade pode variar de acordo com o tamanho, formato, madeira usada na confecção do instrumento.

2- Rastilho

Parte do instrumento que se prende as cordas

3- Cavalete

Serve de suporte para prender o Rastilho na altura correta.

4- Boca

Orifício localizado no corpo do violão por onde o som se propaga.

5- Cordas

Parte fundamental onde são produzidas as notas musicais. O som e formado a partir da casa pressionada no braço do instrumento. Braço é Parte do instrumento onde se localiza as casas e os trastes. 

6- Trastes

Dividem o braço do instrumento em casas de maneira à alcançar a altura correta das notas.

7- Casas

Indicam exatamente a localização das Nota musicais.

8- Pestana

Tem a função de servir como apoio para as cordas direcionando-as para as tarrachas.

9- Tarachas

Tem a finalidade de alcançar a afinação correta, afroxando ou apertando as corda, conforme a necessidade.

10- cabeça

Encontrada na parte superior do braço, serve de suporte para o mecanismo das Tarachas.

 

AFINAÇÃO

Uma vez que já temos o violão, a força de vontade, o tempo, e já conhecemos o nosso instrumento, a primeira coisa a fazer agora é AFINÁ-LO! Acredite: Sem afiná-lo você não vai a lugar nenhum. E como fazê-lo? Bem se você puder, compre um afinador,pode ser o mais simples possível como este da foto.

afinador-korg-ca30

Ao ligar o afinador no botão(on/vermelho) escolha a alternativa (Guitar/Bass) e cada corda com o seu respectivo número e nome deverá ser apertada ou solta de acordo com o que determina o diapasão. Por exemplo, se a corda que você estiver afinando, o “cursor” marcar antes dos 440 (centro) tem de ser apertada. Se o cursor estiver depois dos 440 (centro) deve ser solta. Não importa por qual corda comece a afinar com o diapasão. Apenas siga uma sequência:

1.   Primeira corda (mi) a mais fininha

2.   Segunda (si)

3.   Terceira (sol)

4.   Quarta (ré)

5.   Quinta (lá)

6.   Sexta (MI) a mais grossa.

 

Ou pode ser ao contrário, da sexta para a primeira. Se não conseguir comprar ou não tiver em sua área onde vive lojas que vendam afinadores, você também pode afinar “de ouvido”. Para isso, terá que afinar corda a corda. A afinação correta do seu violão é parte fundamental para que você possa harmonizar seu instrumento. Com o violão desafinado todas as músicas tocadas parecem estar erradas. Abaixo é apresentado uma explicação simples de como afinar seu violão.

 

1. Afinando a 5ª corda – LÁ

Para se iniciar a afinação é necessário antes ter algum som como referência. Começamos a afinação diretamente na 5ª corda pois temos fontes comuns de referência para este som. Especificamente desta corda LÁ (5ª corda de baixo para cima) podemos ter como base o som do pulso do telefone que vibra igual a 440hz. Escute o pulso do seu telefone e vá girando a tarracha da corda LÁ até que os dois sons vibrem de maneira harmoniosa, ou seja, não pareçam estar diferentes. Nota: Se você não tiver como ouvir o “tal” som de referência, aperte a “tarracha” da 5ª corda em 4 voltas completas a partir da sua posição normal. Obs: Não ficará com a afinação de um diapasão, porém, é uma base para afinar todo o instrumento.

2. Afinando a 4ª corda – RÉ

Com a 5ª corda afinada podemos até afinar a 4ª corda (RÉ) sem precisar ouvir uma outra fonte de som como referência. Para isto basta tocar a 5ª corda no 5º traste e em seguida tocar a 4ª corda solta. Os dois sons devem ser iguais. Vá girando a tarracha da corda RÉ até que os dois sons se igualem.

3. Afinando a 3ª corda – SOL

O processo aqui é igual ao anterior. O som da 3ª corda (SOL) solta deve ser igual ao da 4ª corda tocada no 5º traste. Vá girando a tarracha da corda SOL até que os dois sons se igualem.

4. Afinando a 2ª corda – SI

A diferença aqui é que a 2ª corda (SI) tocada solta é igual a 3ª corda tocada no 4º traste. Vá girando a tarracha da corda SI até que os dois sons se igualem.

5 . Afinando a 1ª corda – MI (ou “mizinha”)

A 1ª corda (mizinha) tocada solta tem o mesmo som da 2ª corda (SI) tocada no 5º traste. Como nas estapas 1, 2 e 3. Vá girando a tarracha da corda MIZINHA até que os dois sons se igualem.

6 . Afinando a 6ª corda – MI (ou “mizão”)

A 6ª corda (mizão como é conhecida) tocada solta tem o mesmo som da 1ª corda (mizinha) tocada solta porém em oitavas diferentes, ou seja, o som é o mesmo embora um seja mais grave e o outro mais agudo. Vá girando a tarracha da 1ª corda MIZÃO até se igualem ao som da corda mizinha solta.

Notas:       Mi     Lá     Ré    Sol   Si      Mi

Cordas:    6ª      5ª      4ª      3ª      2ª      1ª

Existe um site brasileiro que o ajuda a afinar se tiver alguma dificuldade. Anote o endereço:

 

CONHENENDO AS CIFRAS

Cifra é um sistema de notação musical usado para indicar através de símbolos gráficos ou letras os acordes a serem executados por um instrumento musical (como por exemplo uma guitarra/violão). As cifras são utilizadas principalmente na música popular, acima das letras ou partituras de uma composição musical, indicando o acorde que deve ser tocado em conjunto com a melodia principal ou para acompanhar o canto. Este tipo de notação ou cifragem indica ao executante o acorde que ele deve usar, mas deixa a sua sensibilidade musical responsável pela maneira exata na qual ele executará os acordes. Esta é a forma textual:

 

CIFRAS                                                                                   NOTAS

A                                                                                                 LÁ
B                                                                                                 SI
C                                                                                                 DÓ
D                                                                                                 RÉ
E                                                                                                 MI                              

F                                                                                                 FÁ
G                                                                                                 SOL 

 

Existem ainda outros símbolos que precisamos conhecer, como por exemplo.

M = menor                            (exemplo: Gm = Sol menor)

# = sustenido                       (exemplo: A # = Lá sustenido)

º  = bemol                             (exemplo: Miº = MI bemol)

7 = com sétima                     (exemplo: C7 = Dó com sétima)

+ = Aumentada                    (exemplo: A7+ = Lá com sétima aumentada)

 

Tocando

Uma vez que você está iniciando, não espero logo de “cara” a perfeição! Você nas primeiras vezes, não vair tocar exatamente igual ao cantor! Por isso mesmo, pratique e treine muito.

 

A POSIÇÃO DAS MÃOS É OUTRO PORMENOR MUITO IMPORTANTE: Veja como usar os dedos da mão esquerda

 

M ESQUERDA

ACORDES

Agora, os dedos da mão direita:

MÃO DIREITA

 

No caso da mão direita, não usamos o dedo “mindinho” e estas letras querem dizer exatamente os nomes dos dedos utilizados, a saber:

P– Polegar

I– Indicador

M– Médio

A– Anular  

Posição para tocar melhor:

POSIÇÃO DO VIOLÃO

 

CONCLUSÃO

No vídeo em baixo terá uma lição de uma  muito fácil e boa para quem não sabe tocar nada no violão e quer aprender a tocar rápido,  é uma música feita para ser tocada principalmente para quem está começando a aprender de uma forma super facilitada, como tocar passo à passo o grande sucesso de uma música brasileira bem conhecida. Espero que goste!

https://youtu.be/9xpnrBk0QfU

Como tocar Violão: Segunda Música e Principais Acordes

Aprenda os principais acordes para tocar violão e também mais uma música para o seu repertório.

https://youtu.be/D3SOi4ff0-g

Como tocar Violão: Terceira Música e Ritmo Lento

Nesse vídeo você vai aprender um ritmo com uma contagem diferente e também como tocar mais uma música.

https://youtu.be/2AIbWT3394Y

Você vai gostar também:

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